Cytisus

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Cytisus is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. The genus is native to Europe, North Africa, and western Asia. It includes a variety of species commonly known as brooms, which are characterized by their bright yellow flowers and green stems.

Description

Cytisus species are typically deciduous or evergreen shrubs, ranging in height from 0.5 to 3 meters. The leaves are usually trifoliate, meaning they have three leaflets, although some species have simple leaves. The flowers are pea-like, often yellow, but can also be white, pink, or purple. They are arranged in racemes or clusters and are known for their sweet fragrance.

Habitat

Cytisus species are commonly found in a variety of habitats, including woodlands, scrublands, and grasslands. They are well-adapted to poor, sandy soils and are often used in land reclamation projects due to their ability to fix nitrogen in the soil.

Cultivation and Uses

Cytisus species are popular in horticulture for their attractive flowers and ability to thrive in poor soils. They are often used in landscaping and garden design to provide color and structure. Some species, such as Cytisus scoparius, are also used in traditional medicine.

Invasive Species

Certain Cytisus species, particularly Cytisus scoparius (Scotch broom), have become invasive in regions outside their native range, such as North America and Australia. These species can form dense thickets that outcompete native vegetation and disrupt local ecosystems.

Notable Species

• Cytisus scoparius - Commonly known as Scotch broom, this species is widely cultivated and has become invasive in some areas.
• Cytisus multiflorus - Known as white broom, it is native to the Iberian Peninsula.
• Cytisus striatus - Also known as Portuguese broom, it is native to Portugal and Spain.

Gallery

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  Cytisus scoparius in bloom

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  Cytisus multiflorus flowers

See Also

• Fabaceae
• Nitrogen fixation
• Invasive species