DEFA3

DEFA3 or Defensin, alpha 3, neutrophil-specific is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DEFA3 gene. This protein is part of the defensin family, which are cationic peptides with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity that form an integral part of the innate immune system.

Function

The DEFA3 protein is secreted by neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, and plays a crucial role in the body's defense against bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens. It does this by disrupting the cell membranes of these pathogens, leading to their death.

Structure

DEFA3 is a small protein, consisting of 30-35 amino acids. It has a characteristic structure, with three intramolecular disulfide bonds that form a triple-stranded beta-sheet structure. This structure is thought to be responsible for its antimicrobial activity.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the DEFA3 gene have been associated with various diseases. For example, a decrease in DEFA3 expression has been observed in patients with sepsis, suggesting that this protein may play a role in the body's response to severe infection. Additionally, variations in the DEFA3 gene have been linked to susceptibility to HIV infection and progression to AIDS.

See also

• Defensin
• Neutrophil
• Innate immune system

External links

• DEFA3 at the National Center for Biotechnology Information