DSM-I
DSM-5
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) is a comprehensive classification system for mental disorders published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA). It serves as a critical tool for clinicians, researchers, and educators in the field of psychiatry and psychology. The DSM-5 was released in May 2013, replacing the DSM-IV-TR, and it reflects significant advancements in the understanding of mental health conditions.
History[edit | edit source]
The DSM has undergone several revisions since its first publication in 1952. The DSM-5 represents the culmination of over a decade of research and collaboration among experts in psychiatry, psychology, and related fields. The revision process involved extensive literature reviews, field trials, and public feedback to ensure the manual's relevance and accuracy.
Structure[edit | edit source]
The DSM-5 is organized into three main sections:
- Section I: Basics - This section provides an introduction to the DSM-5, including its purpose, structure, and use.
- Section II: Diagnostic Criteria and Codes - This section contains the diagnostic criteria for each mental disorder, organized into 20 chapters based on related disorders.
- Section III: Emerging Measures and Models - This section includes assessment measures, cultural formulations, and alternative models for disorders such as personality disorders.
Major Changes from DSM-IV[edit | edit source]
The DSM-5 introduced several significant changes from its predecessor, the DSM-IV-TR:
- Reorganization of Disorders: Disorders are now grouped based on relatedness and shared symptoms, rather than strictly by category.
- Removal of the Multiaxial System: The DSM-5 eliminated the multiaxial system used in previous editions, which separated disorders into different axes.
- Introduction of New Disorders: New disorders such as Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder and Binge Eating Disorder were added.
- Revised Criteria for Existing Disorders: Criteria for several disorders, including Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, were updated.
Controversies[edit | edit source]
The DSM-5 has been subject to criticism and controversy. Some mental health professionals argue that it pathologizes normal behavior, while others believe it lacks sufficient scientific basis for certain diagnoses. The inclusion and exclusion of specific disorders have also sparked debate within the psychiatric community.
Use in Clinical Practice[edit | edit source]
The DSM-5 is widely used by clinicians to diagnose mental disorders and guide treatment planning. It provides a common language for mental health professionals and facilitates communication across different disciplines. The manual is also used for insurance reimbursement purposes and in legal contexts.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
