Dam

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

(Redirected from Damming)

Überlauf Edertalsperre vom Uhrenkopf
Roman Cornalvo dam, Extremadura, Spain. Pic 01
Sushtar Bridge
Engraving of Rideau Canal locks
Lake Parramatta,New South Wales

Dam is a structure built across a stream, river, or waterway to control the flow of or raise the level of water. The purpose of a dam can vary from irrigation, flood control, water supply, and hydroelectric power generation to recreation and environmental protection. Dams are significant engineering projects and have a profound impact on the landscape and ecosystems where they are constructed.

History[edit | edit source]

The history of dam construction dates back thousands of years, with ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians and Mesopotamians building early versions of dams for irrigation and water control. The oldest known dam is the Jawa Dam in present-day Jordan, dating back to around 3000 BC. Throughout history, the technology and materials used in dam construction have evolved, from simple earth and rock structures to complex concrete and steel designs.

Types of Dams[edit | edit source]

There are several types of dams, classified based on structure, material, and purpose. The most common types include:

  • Gravity Dam: A massive structure made of concrete or stone that relies on its weight to hold back water.
  • Arch Dam: Curved in shape and designed to transfer the water pressure to the valley banks.
  • Embankment Dam: Built with earth and rockfill, these dams are the most common type and can be used in a wide range of locations.
  • Buttress Dam: Supported by a series of buttresses on the downstream side, providing strength to hold back water.
  • Cofferdam: A temporary dam used during construction projects to divert water.

Environmental Impact[edit | edit source]

The construction and operation of dams have significant environmental impacts. While dams can provide benefits such as flood control and renewable energy, they can also lead to the displacement of communities, loss of wildlife habitats, changes in river ecosystems, and the accumulation of sediment. The creation of large reservoirs can result in the submergence of vast areas of land, affecting local flora and fauna. Efforts to mitigate these impacts include fish ladders, sediment management practices, and habitat restoration projects.

Major Dams[edit | edit source]

Some of the world's most famous dams include the Three Gorges Dam in China, the largest hydroelectric power station by total capacity; the Hoover Dam in the United States, known for its significant role in water supply and flood control in the American Southwest; and the Aswan High Dam in Egypt, crucial for irrigation and preventing floods along the Nile River.

Future of Dam Construction[edit | edit source]

The future of dam construction faces challenges including environmental concerns, the displacement of local communities, and the need for sustainable development practices. Advances in technology and engineering may lead to more environmentally friendly and efficient dam designs. Additionally, the focus on alternative renewable energy sources could influence the role and necessity of dams in future energy production.


This construction related article is a stub. You can help WikiMD by expanding it.

WikiMD
Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index‏‎ - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes

Search WikiMD

Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD

WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Let Food Be Thy Medicine
Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates

Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.

Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD