De Morgan spots

De Morgan spots, also known as Campbell de Morgan spots or cherry angiomas, are small, bright red to purple vascular lesions that can appear on the skin of individuals, most commonly in those over the age of 30. Named after the British surgeon Campbell De Morgan (1811–1876) who first described them, these spots are benign and are considered a common dermatological condition.

Characteristics

De Morgan spots are characterized by their distinctive color, which ranges from bright red to purple, and their small size, typically ranging from a pinpoint to about a quarter of an inch in diameter. They are most commonly found on the torso, arms, legs, and shoulders, but can appear anywhere on the body except the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. The spots are smooth to the touch, circular in shape, and may be flat or slightly raised.

Causes

The exact cause of De Morgan spots is not fully understood, but they are believed to be related to aging and genetic factors. They are thought to result from the dilation of pre-existing small blood vessels in the skin, leading to the formation of the characteristic red lesions. There is no known prevention for the development of De Morgan spots, as they are considered a normal part of the aging process for many individuals.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of De Morgan spots is typically made based on their appearance. A dermatologist can usually identify these spots by their characteristic color, size, and shape. In some cases, if there is any doubt about the diagnosis, a skin biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Since De Morgan spots are benign and do not pose any health risk, treatment is usually not necessary unless they are cosmetically undesirable to the patient or if they bleed frequently. Options for removal include laser therapy, electrocautery, and cryotherapy. These procedures are generally simple, safe, and effective, but may sometimes leave a scar.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with De Morgan spots is excellent, as these lesions are completely benign. However, new spots may continue to appear over time, especially as an individual ages.

Epidemiology

De Morgan spots are very common, especially in adults over the age of 30. They are seen in all races and both sexes, although they may be more noticeable in individuals with lighter skin.