Decidua menstrualis

Decidua Menstrualis is a term used in the field of Obstetrics and Gynecology to describe the endometrial lining of the uterus during the menstrual cycle. This lining undergoes significant changes throughout the cycle, preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy and then shedding during menstruation if pregnancy does not occur.

Overview

The menstrual cycle is a complex process regulated by various hormones, including estrogen and progesterone. The endometrial lining, or decidua, plays a crucial role in this cycle. The decidua menstrualis is the phase of the endometrial lining that is shed during menstruation.

Structure

The decidua menstrualis is composed of three layers: the stratum compactum, the stratum spongiosum, and the stratum basalis. The stratum compactum is the outermost layer, which is shed during menstruation. The stratum spongiosum is the middle layer, which supports the stratum compactum. The stratum basalis is the innermost layer, which remains in the uterus after menstruation and serves as the foundation for the next cycle's endometrial lining.

Function

The primary function of the decidua menstrualis is to prepare the uterus for potential pregnancy. If fertilization occurs, the decidua aids in the implantation of the embryo and provides nourishment. If fertilization does not occur, the decidua menstrualis is shed during menstruation.

Clinical Significance

Abnormalities in the decidua menstrualis can lead to various reproductive issues, including infertility, miscarriage, and endometriosis. Therefore, understanding the structure and function of the decidua menstrualis is crucial in the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.

The menstrual cycle, showing the changes in the endometrium.

See Also

• Menstrual cycle
• Endometrium
• Estrogen
• Progesterone