Decidual cells

Cells that form the maternal part of the placenta

Decidual cell

Cell information
System
Function	Support embryo implantation and placenta formation
Location	Uterus
Origin
Precursor
Gives rise to

Decidual cells are specialized cells that form in the endometrium of the uterus during pregnancy. These cells play a crucial role in the establishment and maintenance of the maternal-fetal interface.

Formation

Decidual cells originate from endometrial stromal cells in response to the hormonal changes that occur during the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy. The process of transformation from stromal cells to decidual cells is known as decidualization. This transformation is primarily driven by the hormone progesterone.

Function

Decidual cells are essential for successful embryo implantation and the formation of the placenta. They provide structural and nutritional support to the developing embryo and help modulate the maternal immune system to prevent rejection of the fetus.

Role in Pregnancy

During pregnancy, decidual cells contribute to the formation of the decidua, which is the modified mucosal lining of the uterus. The decidua is divided into three regions:

• Decidua basalis: The part of the decidua that interacts with the trophoblast cells of the placenta.
• Decidua capsularis: The part of the decidua that surrounds the embryo.
• Decidua parietalis: The remaining part of the decidua lining the uterus.

Clinical Significance

Abnormalities in decidual cell function can lead to complications in pregnancy, such as preeclampsia, miscarriage, and preterm birth. Research into decidual cell biology is ongoing to better understand their role in these conditions and to develop potential therapeutic interventions.

See also

• Endometrium
• Placenta
• Embryo
• Pregnancy

External links

• Decidual cells on WikiMD