Bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate

Bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate is a chemical compound used in the treatment of Wilson's disease, a rare inherited disorder that causes copper to accumulate in the body, particularly in the liver and brain. The compound works by binding to copper and facilitating its removal from the body.

Chemistry

Bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate is a complex of molybdenum and sulfur with two choline molecules. The compound is a dark red solid that is soluble in water. The molybdenum atom is in the center of the complex, surrounded by four sulfur atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement. Each choline molecule is attached to two of the sulfur atoms.

Pharmacology

In the body, bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate binds to copper, forming a stable complex that is excreted in the urine. This reduces the amount of copper in the body, helping to alleviate the symptoms of Wilson's disease. The compound is also being investigated for its potential use in the treatment of other conditions related to copper overload, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

Clinical use

Bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate is used in the treatment of Wilson's disease in patients who are intolerant to the standard treatment, penicillamine. The compound is usually administered orally, and the dose is adjusted based on the patient's copper levels and clinical response.

Side effects

The most common side effects of bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate are gastrointestinal disturbances, such as nausea and diarrhea. Less common side effects include anemia and neutropenia, which are usually reversible with dose reduction or discontinuation of the drug.

Research

Research is ongoing into the potential use of bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate in the treatment of other conditions. Preliminary studies suggest that the compound may have anti-cancer properties, and it is being investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of various types of cancer.