Degmacyte

Degmacyte

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Degmacytes, also known as bite cells, observed under a microscope.

A degmacyte, commonly referred to as a bite cell, is a type of red blood cell that has a distinctive appearance due to the removal of a portion of the cell membrane. This removal is typically caused by the action of the spleen as it filters out damaged or abnormal cells from the bloodstream.

Formation

Degmacytes are primarily formed as a result of oxidative stress on red blood cells. This stress can lead to the formation of Heinz bodies, which are aggregates of denatured hemoglobin. The spleen recognizes these Heinz bodies as abnormal and removes them, resulting in the "bite" appearance of the cell.

Clinical Significance

The presence of degmacytes in a blood smear is often associated with certain hemolytic anemias, particularly those involving oxidative damage to red blood cells. Conditions such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD deficiency) can lead to the formation of degmacytes. In G6PD deficiency, the red blood cells are more susceptible to oxidative damage due to a lack of protective enzymes.

Diagnosis

Close-up of degmacytes showing the characteristic "bite" taken out of the cell.

The diagnosis of conditions associated with degmacytes often involves a combination of clinical history, laboratory tests, and microscopic examination of a blood smear. The presence of bite cells can be a key indicator in diagnosing oxidative hemolytic anemia.

Treatment

Treatment of conditions associated with degmacytes depends on the underlying cause. In cases of G6PD deficiency, avoiding known oxidative stressors, such as certain medications and foods, is crucial. In more severe cases, medical intervention may be necessary to manage anemia and prevent complications.

Related pages

• Red blood cell
• Hemolytic anemia
• Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
• Heinz body