Dermatocranium

Dermatocranium is the largest and most complex part of the skull, forming the majority of the skull roof and the sides of the head. It is a component of the vertebrate skeleton that encapsulates the brain, upper jaw, and nasal apparatus.

Origin and Development

The dermatocranium originates from the neural crest cells, which are a set of cells that appear early in the development of vertebrates. These cells migrate to different parts of the body and differentiate into various cell types, including the cells that make up the dermatocranium.

Structure

The dermatocranium consists of several bones, including the frontal bone, parietal bone, temporal bone, and occipital bone. These bones are connected by sutures, which are fibrous joints that allow for growth and development of the skull during infancy and childhood.

Function

The primary function of the dermatocranium is to protect the brain and sensory organs. It also provides attachment points for muscles that control jaw movement, facial expression, and head movement.

Evolution

The dermatocranium has evolved significantly over time. In early vertebrates, the dermatocranium was a simple structure with few bones. However, over time, the dermatocranium has become more complex, with more bones and more specialized functions. This evolution is thought to be driven by changes in diet, behavior, and environmental pressures.

See Also

• Neurocranium
• Splanchnocranium
• Skull
• Bone