Desulfobacterium

Desulfobacterium is a genus of bacteria in the family Desulfobacteraceae. These bacteria are known for their ability to reduce sulfate, a process known as sulfate reduction. They are typically found in environments where organic matter is decomposing, such as in the sediments of oceans, lakes, and rivers.

Characteristics

Desulfobacterium species are Gram-negative bacteria, meaning they do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram stain procedure. They are anaerobic bacteria, meaning they can survive in environments that lack oxygen.

The cells of Desulfobacterium are rod-shaped and often form chains. They are motile, moving by means of flagella.

Metabolism

Desulfobacterium species are chemoautotrophs, meaning they obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic substances and use carbon dioxide as their primary source of carbon. They are known for their ability to reduce sulfate to hydrogen sulfide, a process known as sulfate reduction. This process is part of the sulfur cycle, one of the biogeochemical cycles that sustain life on Earth.

Ecology

Desulfobacterium species play a key role in the sulfur cycle. By reducing sulfate to hydrogen sulfide, they help to recycle sulfur in the environment. They are typically found in environments where organic matter is decomposing, such as in the sediments of oceans, lakes, and rivers.

Clinical significance

While Desulfobacterium species are not typically pathogenic, they can cause problems in certain situations. For example, the hydrogen sulfide they produce can contribute to the corrosion of concrete and steel in sewer systems.

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Desulfobacterium species under a microscope

See also

• Desulfobacteraceae
• Sulfate-reducing bacteria
• Sulfur cycle