Diffuse lamellar keratitis

Diffuse lamellar keratitis
Synonyms	Sands of Sahara
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Eye pain, blurred vision, photophobia
Complications	Corneal scarring, vision loss
Onset	1-3 days after LASIK surgery
Duration	Varies, can be chronic if untreated
Types	N/A
Causes	Inflammatory response to LASIK surgery
Risks	LASIK surgery
Diagnosis	Clinical examination, slit lamp evaluation
Differential diagnosis	Infectious keratitis, epithelial ingrowth
Prevention	Proper surgical technique, sterile environment
Treatment	Topical corticosteroids, oral steroids
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Good with early treatment
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis (DLK) is a non-infectious inflammatory condition that can occur after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery. It is characterized by the presence of white blood cells beneath the corneal flap created during the procedure.

History

DLK was first described in the late 1990s as a complication following LASIK surgery. It was initially referred to as "Sands of the Sahara" due to its appearance under the microscope.

Causes

The exact cause of DLK is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to surgical trauma, the presence of foreign substances, or an immune response. Factors such as microkeratome use, laser energy, and environmental contaminants have been implicated.

Symptoms

Patients with DLK may experience:

• Blurred vision
• Light sensitivity
• Redness of the eye
• Discomfort or pain

Diagnosis

DLK is diagnosed through a slit-lamp examination, where the characteristic white blood cell infiltrates can be observed beneath the corneal flap. It is important to differentiate DLK from infectious keratitis, which requires different management.

Treatment

Treatment of DLK typically involves the use of topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation. In severe cases, lifting and irrigating the flap may be necessary to remove inflammatory cells. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent permanent vision impairment.

Prognosis

With prompt treatment, most patients recover fully without long-term effects on vision. However, if left untreated, DLK can lead to scarring and permanent vision loss.

Prevention

Preventive measures include meticulous surgical technique, proper sterilization of instruments, and minimizing exposure to potential contaminants during and after surgery.

See also

• LASIK
• Keratitis
• Corneal flap