Diffuse lamellar keratitis
| Diffuse lamellar keratitis | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Sands of Sahara |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Eye pain, blurred vision, photophobia |
| Complications | Corneal scarring, vision loss |
| Onset | 1-3 days after LASIK surgery |
| Duration | Varies, can be chronic if untreated |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Inflammatory response to LASIK surgery |
| Risks | LASIK surgery |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, slit lamp evaluation |
| Differential diagnosis | Infectious keratitis, epithelial ingrowth |
| Prevention | Proper surgical technique, sterile environment |
| Treatment | Topical corticosteroids, oral steroids |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Good with early treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis
Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis (DLK) is a non-infectious inflammatory condition that can occur after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery. It is characterized by the presence of white blood cells beneath the corneal flap created during the procedure.
History[edit]
DLK was first described in the late 1990s as a complication following LASIK surgery. It was initially referred to as "Sands of the Sahara" due to its appearance under the microscope.
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of DLK is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to surgical trauma, the presence of foreign substances, or an immune response. Factors such as microkeratome use, laser energy, and environmental contaminants have been implicated.
Symptoms[edit]
Patients with DLK may experience:
- Blurred vision
- Light sensitivity
- Redness of the eye
- Discomfort or pain
Diagnosis[edit]
DLK is diagnosed through a slit-lamp examination, where the characteristic white blood cell infiltrates can be observed beneath the corneal flap. It is important to differentiate DLK from infectious keratitis, which requires different management.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment of DLK typically involves the use of topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation. In severe cases, lifting and irrigating the flap may be necessary to remove inflammatory cells. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent permanent vision impairment.
Prognosis[edit]
With prompt treatment, most patients recover fully without long-term effects on vision. However, if left untreated, DLK can lead to scarring and permanent vision loss.
Prevention[edit]
Preventive measures include meticulous surgical technique, proper sterilization of instruments, and minimizing exposure to potential contaminants during and after surgery.
