Dioscorine

Dioscorine is a toxic compound found in the tubers of plants in the Dioscorea genus, which includes the yam plant. It is a steroidal alkaloid, a type of chemical compound that is often biologically active. Dioscorine is known for its toxic effects, which can cause serious illness or death if ingested in large amounts.

Chemical Structure

Dioscorine is a steroidal alkaloid, meaning it contains a steroid backbone with an alkaloid group attached. Steroidal alkaloids are a diverse group of compounds that are often biologically active. They are found in a variety of plants and animals, and many have medicinal or toxic properties.

Toxicity

Dioscorine is highly toxic. It acts as a neurotoxin, interfering with the function of the nervous system. Symptoms of dioscorine poisoning can include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and in severe cases, paralysis or death. The compound is particularly dangerous because it is not destroyed by cooking, so it can still be present in cooked yam tubers.

Occurrence

Dioscorine is found in the tubers of plants in the Dioscorea genus. This genus includes the yam plant, a staple food in many parts of the world. However, not all species of Dioscorea contain dioscorine, and the compound is not present in all parts of the plant. It is most concentrated in the tubers, which are the part of the plant most commonly eaten.

Prevention and Treatment

The best way to prevent dioscorine poisoning is to avoid eating yam tubers from species known to contain the compound. If dioscorine poisoning does occur, treatment is supportive and aimed at managing the symptoms. There is no specific antidote for dioscorine.

See Also

• Dioscorea
• Alkaloid
• Neurotoxin