Disaccharide
Disaccharide is a type of carbohydrate that consists of two monosaccharide units linked together. Disaccharides are formed when two sugars are joined together and a molecule of water is removed -- a process called dehydration synthesis.
Types of Disaccharides[edit | edit source]
There are three major types of disaccharides:
- Sucrose: This is the most common disaccharide and is composed of glucose and fructose. Sucrose is commonly known as table sugar and is derived from sugar cane or sugar beets.
- Lactose: This disaccharide is composed of glucose and galactose. Lactose is found in milk and dairy products.
- Maltose: This disaccharide is composed of two glucose molecules. Maltose is found in malt products and is used in brewing beer.
Functions of Disaccharides[edit | edit source]
Disaccharides serve several functions in the body:
- Energy Source: Like all carbohydrates, disaccharides provide energy for the body. They are broken down into their monosaccharide components in the digestive system, which are then used for energy.
- Energy Storage: Disaccharides can be stored in the body for later use. For example, sucrose is stored in the stems of sugar cane and the roots of sugar beet plants.
- Structural Role: Some disaccharides, like sucrose, play a structural role in plants.
Health Implications[edit | edit source]
Some people have difficulty digesting certain disaccharides, which can lead to health problems:
- Lactose Intolerance: This is a common condition where the body is unable to fully digest lactose. Symptoms include bloating, diarrhea, and gas.
- Sucrose Intolerance: This is a rare genetic disorder where the body is unable to digest sucrose, leading to gastrointestinal symptoms.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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