Distearoylphosphatidylcholine

Distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) is a type of phospholipid that is a major component of biological membranes. It is also used in the formulation of liposomes and nanoparticles for drug delivery.

Structure and Properties

DSPC is composed of two stearic acid chains attached to a glycerol backbone, which is linked to a phosphatidylcholine head group. The stearic acid chains are fully saturated, making DSPC a highly stable and rigid phospholipid. Its melting temperature is around 55°C, which is higher than body temperature, resulting in a gel phase lipid at physiological conditions.

Biological Role

In biological membranes, DSPC contributes to the structural integrity and fluidity of the membrane. It is particularly abundant in the lung surfactant, where it helps to reduce surface tension and prevent the alveoli from collapsing.

Use in Drug Delivery

DSPC is often used in the formulation of liposomes and nanoparticles for drug delivery due to its stability and biocompatibility. It can form bilayer structures that can encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, allowing for targeted and controlled drug release.

Safety and Toxicity

As a naturally occurring phospholipid, DSPC is generally considered safe and non-toxic. However, like all substances, it may cause adverse effects at high concentrations or in sensitive individuals.

See Also

• Phospholipid
• Liposome
• Nanoparticle
• Drug delivery