Divan

Jean-Baptiste van Mour 006

Asif musicians 1812

Divan refers to a piece of furniture that originated in the Middle East, particularly within the Ottoman Empire. It is traditionally a long, low, and cushioned seat that can be used as a sofa or a bed. The term has evolved over time and has been adopted into various languages with slightly different meanings. In some contexts, a divan can also refer to a council chamber or government office, particularly in historical contexts relating to the Ottoman Empire and Persia.

History

The concept of the divan has its roots in the Persian word diwan, which referred to a collection of poems or a government office or council chamber. The furniture likely got its name from its use in these council chambers, where long benches covered in cushions provided seating for members. Over time, the divan became a popular piece of furniture in Middle Eastern homes, valued for its versatility and comfort.

Design and Use

A traditional divan is characterized by its lack of back and arms, distinguishing it from a typical sofa. It is usually placed against a wall, with cushions arranged for back support. Modern divans often come with a wooden or metal frame and may include under-seat storage, making them practical for small living spaces. They are commonly used in living rooms, guest rooms, and sometimes as daybeds in lounges or offices.

Cultural Significance

In Middle Eastern culture, the divan is more than just a piece of furniture; it is a symbol of hospitality and comfort. It reflects a lifestyle that values relaxation and conversation. The divan's design encourages a casual and communal seating arrangement, fostering an environment conducive to social interaction.

Variations

The term divan has been adopted in various cultures, each adding its own twist to the design. For example, in Europe, particularly in France and the United Kingdom, the divan bed became popular. This version combines the divan's traditional form with the functionality of a bed frame, often featuring a mattress atop a solid base, sometimes with drawers for storage.

In Literature and Art

Divans have been depicted in literature and art, symbolizing leisure, luxury, and the exotic. They often appear in Orientalist paintings and writings, where they contribute to the portrayal of the East as a place of opulence and sensuality.

Contemporary Use

Today, divans are found worldwide, in various forms and styles. They remain a popular choice for those seeking versatile and space-saving furniture options. The divan continues to evolve, blending traditional designs with modern needs, but its essence as a place for rest and social interaction remains unchanged.