Dry

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Dry Eye Syndrome
Other namesKeratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), dry eye disease (DED), dysfunctional tear syndrome
SpecialtyOphthalmology
SymptomsIrritated, gritty, scratchy, or burning eyes, a feeling of something in the eyes, excess watering, blurred vision
ComplicationsIncreased risk of eye infections, damage to the surface of the eyes
DurationLong term
TypesEvaporative, aqueous deficient
CausesDecreased tear production, increased tear evaporation, imbalance in tear composition
Risk factorsOlder age, dry air, contact lens wear, certain medications, certain medical conditions
Diagnostic methodBased on symptoms, tear production tests
PreventionAvoiding dry environments, using humidifiers, wearing sunglasses outdoors
TreatmentEye drops, increasing humidity, wearing glasses instead of contact lenses
MedicationArtificial tears, anti-inflammatory agents
FrequencyCommon



Dry refers to a lack of wetness or moisture, often resulting in a sensation of dryness. In a medical context, "dry" is frequently associated with Dry Eye Syndrome, a common condition affecting the eyes. It is also a descriptor used in various other medical and environmental contexts.

Medical Conditions[edit | edit source]

Dry Eye Syndrome[edit | edit source]

Dry Eye Syndrome, also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), is a condition where the eyes do not produce enough tears or the tears evaporate too quickly. This leads to inflammation and damage to the surface of the eye. Symptoms include feelings of dryness, irritation, reduced tear quality, and visual disturbances. Treatment often involves the use of artificial tears, eye drops, and in some cases, anti-inflammatory medications.

Dry Skin[edit | edit source]

Dry skin, or xerosis, is another common condition characterized by a lack of moisture in the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. It can be caused by environmental factors, such as cold or dry weather, or it can be a symptom of underlying health issues. Treatment typically involves the use of moisturizers and changes in bathing habits.

Dry Mouth[edit | edit source]

Dry Mouth, also known as xerostomia, involves a decrease in saliva production by the salivary glands. This can lead to difficulties in tasting, chewing, swallowing, and speaking. Dry mouth is often a side effect of medication, a symptom of diseases such as diabetes, or a result of radiation therapy to the head and neck.

Environmental Conditions[edit | edit source]

In environmental contexts, "dry" can refer to climates or periods with little to no precipitation, which can impact agriculture, water supply, and the prevalence of wildfires. Areas with persistently dry conditions are typically known as deserts.

See Also[edit | edit source]


Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD