Valnemulin

An antibiotic used in veterinary medicine

Valnemulin
INN
Drug class
Routes of administration
Pregnancy category
Bioavailability
Metabolism
Elimination half-life
Excretion
Legal status
CAS Number
PubChem
DrugBank
ChemSpider
KEGG

Valnemulin is a pleuromutilin antibiotic used primarily in veterinary medicine. It is effective against a range of Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria, making it useful in the treatment of various bacterial infections in animals.

Mechanism of Action

Valnemulin works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thereby preventing the formation of essential proteins required for bacterial growth and replication. This action is similar to other pleuromutilin antibiotics, such as tiamulin and retapamulin.

Uses in Veterinary Medicine

Valnemulin is primarily used in the treatment of swine and poultry diseases. It is effective against pathogens such as Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Lawsonia intracellularis, and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, which are responsible for conditions like swine dysentery and enzootic pneumonia.

Swine

In swine, valnemulin is used to control and treat swine dysentery, a severe diarrheal disease caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. It is also used to manage enzootic pneumonia, a chronic respiratory disease caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.

Poultry

In poultry, valnemulin is used to treat mycoplasmosis, a respiratory disease caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae. These infections can lead to significant economic losses in the poultry industry due to decreased productivity and increased mortality.

Pharmacokinetics

Valnemulin is administered orally, and its absorption can be influenced by the presence of food in the gastrointestinal tract. Once absorbed, it is distributed throughout the body and reaches effective concentrations in the target tissues. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily via the bile and feces.

Safety and Side Effects

Valnemulin is generally well-tolerated in animals when used at recommended doses. However, overdosing can lead to adverse effects such as gastrointestinal disturbances and hepatic dysfunction. It is important to adhere to withdrawal periods to ensure that residues do not remain in animal products intended for human consumption.

Regulatory Status

Valnemulin is approved for use in veterinary medicine in several countries. Its use is regulated to ensure that it is administered safely and effectively, with appropriate measures in place to prevent the development of antimicrobial resistance.

Related Pages

• Pleuromutilin
• Antibiotic
• Swine dysentery
• Enzootic pneumonia

• 

  Valnemulin