Pleuromutilin

Pleuromutilin is a class of antibiotics derived from the fungus Pleurotus mutilus. These antibiotics are used to treat various bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-positive bacteria. Pleuromutilin antibiotics work by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial proteins, which are essential for the bacteria's survival.

History[edit | edit source]

Pleuromutilin was first isolated in 1951 from the fungus Pleurotus mutilus. Since then, several derivatives have been developed for medical use, including retapamulin, lefamulin, and tiamulin.

Medical Uses[edit | edit source]

Pleuromutilin antibiotics are used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. They are particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecium. Some pleuromutilin antibiotics, such as lefamulin, are also effective against certain Gram-negative bacteria.

Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]

Pleuromutilin antibiotics work by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of bacteria, inhibiting protein synthesis. This prevents the bacteria from growing and reproducing, effectively killing them.

Side Effects[edit | edit source]

Like all antibiotics, pleuromutilin can cause side effects. These may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and rash. In rare cases, severe allergic reactions may occur.

Resistance[edit | edit source]

Bacterial resistance to pleuromutilin antibiotics is a growing concern. Resistance can occur when bacteria mutate or acquire resistance genes, allowing them to survive in the presence of the antibiotic.

See Also[edit | edit source]

Pleuromutilin Resources
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