Eddy

Eddy is a term used in fluid dynamics to describe the swirling of a fluid and the reverse current created when the fluid flows past an obstacle. The moving fluid creates a space devoid of downstream-flowing fluid on the downstream side of the object. Fluid behind the obstacle flows into the void creating a swirl of fluid on each edge of the obstacle, followed by a short reverse flow of fluid behind the obstacle flowing upstream, toward the back of the obstacle. This phenomenon is most visible behind large emergent rocks in swift-flowing rivers.

Formation

An eddy is formed when a fluid, such as air or water, flows past an obstacle, or through a gap. The fluid on the far side of the obstacle is slowed down due to the loss of kinetic energy. As the fluid slows down, it loses more energy and starts to move in a circular path, creating the eddy.

Characteristics

The size of the eddy depends on the obstacle's size, the speed of the fluid's flow, and the fluid's viscosity. The viscosity of the fluid also affects the intensity of the eddy. The higher the viscosity, the more energy the fluid has to overcome friction, and the larger the eddy will be.

Effects

Eddies can have a significant impact on the environment. They can cause erosion, transport sediment, and influence the distribution of nutrients in a body of water. In the atmosphere, eddies can influence weather patterns and the distribution of pollutants.

See also

• Fluid dynamics
• Vortex
• Turbulence

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