Egesta

Egesta was an ancient city located in western Sicily, near the modern town of Calatafimi-Segesta. It was one of the major cities of the Elymians, an indigenous people of Sicily. The city is also known by its Latin name, Segesta.

History

Egesta was founded by the Elymians, who were believed to be of Trojan origin. According to legend, the city was established by the survivors of the Trojan War. Egesta played a significant role in the history of Sicily, particularly during the Classical period. During the 5th century BC, Egesta was involved in a conflict with the neighboring city of Selinunte. To gain an advantage, Egesta sought the help of Athens, leading to the ill-fated Sicilian Expedition (415-413 BC). The Athenians were ultimately defeated, and Egesta's fortunes declined. In the 3rd century BC, Egesta came under the control of Carthage and later the Roman Republic. The city continued to be inhabited during the Roman Empire but gradually declined in importance.

Archaeological Site

The archaeological site of Egesta is renowned for its well-preserved Doric temple and ancient theatre. The temple, dating from the late 5th century BC, is one of the best-preserved examples of Doric architecture. The theatre, built into the hillside, offers a panoramic view of the surrounding countryside.

Culture and Society

Egesta was a melting pot of different cultures, including Elymian, Greek, and Roman influences. The city's strategic location made it a significant center for trade and cultural exchange in ancient Sicily.

Related Pages

• Elymians
• Sicilian Expedition
• Selinunte
• Carthage
• Roman Republic
• Doric order
• Trojan War