Elan Valley Reservoirs

Caban Coch Reservoir taken 1963 - geograph.org.uk - 784158

Elan Valley Reservoirs

The Elan Valley Reservoirs are a series of man-made lakes located in the Elan Valley in Powys, Wales. These reservoirs were constructed to provide a reliable water supply to the city of Birmingham, England. The project was initiated in the late 19th century and completed in the early 20th century.

History

The need for a new water supply for Birmingham arose due to the city's rapid industrial growth and increasing population during the Industrial Revolution. The Elan Valley was chosen for its high rainfall and suitable geography. The construction of the reservoirs began in 1893 and was completed in 1904. The project was overseen by the Birmingham Corporation Water Department.

Reservoirs

The Elan Valley Reservoirs consist of six main reservoirs:

• Caban Coch Reservoir - The lowest reservoir in the series, it serves as the main storage reservoir.
• Garreg Ddu Reservoir - This reservoir is unique as it appears to be a natural lake, but it is actually a submerged dam.
• Pen y Garreg Reservoir - Known for its picturesque dam and the tunnel that runs through it.
• Craig Goch Reservoir - The highest and most remote of the reservoirs, often referred to as the 'top dam'.
• Dol y Mynach Reservoir - This reservoir was never completed and remains a partially constructed site.
• Claerwen Reservoir - Added later in the 1950s to increase the water supply capacity.

Engineering and Construction

The construction of the Elan Valley Reservoirs was a significant engineering feat of its time. The dams were built using local stone and concrete, and the project included the construction of aqueducts and tunnels to transport water to Birmingham. The Elan Valley Aqueduct is a 73-mile long structure that carries water from the reservoirs to the city.

Environmental Impact

The creation of the reservoirs led to the flooding of several farms and villages in the Elan Valley. However, the area has since become a haven for wildlife and a popular destination for tourists. The reservoirs and surrounding land are managed by Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water and are part of the Elan Valley Estate.

Recreation and Tourism

The Elan Valley is a popular destination for outdoor activities such as hiking, cycling, and bird watching. The area offers scenic views, and the reservoirs are a key attraction. The Elan Valley Visitor Centre provides information about the history and construction of the reservoirs, as well as the local wildlife and environment.

See Also

• Birmingham Corporation Water Department
• Elan Valley Aqueduct
• Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water
• Powys
• Industrial Revolution