Eleocharis

Starr 081230-0543 Eleocharis calva

Eleocharis is a genus of sedges in the Cyperaceae family, commonly known as spike-rushes. The genus is widely distributed, with species found in a variety of habitats including wetlands, marshes, and along the edges of ponds and streams.

Description

Eleocharis species are characterized by their grass-like appearance, with slender, cylindrical stems that can range from a few centimeters to over a meter in height. The leaves are reduced to sheaths at the base of the stem, and the flowers are small, clustered in spikelets at the top of the stems. The fruit is an achene, which is a small, dry, one-seeded fruit that does not open at maturity.

Habitat

Eleocharis species are typically found in wet environments. They are well-adapted to a variety of wetland conditions, from freshwater to brackish environments. These plants play a crucial role in their ecosystems, providing habitat and food for a variety of wildlife.

Species

There are over 200 species of Eleocharis, some of the more notable ones include:

• Eleocharis acicularis - Known as needle spike-rush, commonly found in shallow water.
• Eleocharis dulcis - Known as Chinese water chestnut, cultivated for its edible corms.
• Eleocharis palustris - Known as common spike-rush, widespread in temperate regions.

Ecological Importance

Eleocharis species are important in their ecosystems for several reasons. They help stabilize soil and reduce erosion in wetland areas. They also provide habitat for aquatic and semi-aquatic animals, including insects, amphibians, and birds. Additionally, they play a role in water filtration and nutrient cycling within their habitats.

Uses

Some species of Eleocharis are used in aquascaping and water gardening due to their attractive appearance and ability to thrive in wet conditions. Eleocharis dulcis is particularly notable for its edible corms, which are a popular ingredient in Asian cuisine.

Conservation

Many Eleocharis species are not currently considered threatened, but their wetland habitats are often at risk due to human activities such as agriculture, urban development, and pollution. Conservation efforts for these plants typically focus on preserving and restoring wetland habitats.

Related Pages

• Cyperaceae
• Wetland
• Aquascaping
• Water gardening