Endo-beta-galactosidase

Endo-beta-galactosidase

Structure of Endo-beta-galactosidase

Endo-beta-galactosidase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the breakdown of complex carbohydrates, specifically the hydrolysis of β-galactosidic linkages. It is classified as a glycoside hydrolase enzyme and is widely found in various organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and plants.

Structure

Endo-beta-galactosidase is a protein enzyme that consists of a single polypeptide chain. Its structure can vary depending on the source organism, but it generally adopts a globular shape. The enzyme is composed of several distinct domains, including a catalytic domain responsible for the hydrolysis of β-galactosidic linkages.

Function

The primary function of endo-beta-galactosidase is the cleavage of β-galactosidic linkages within complex carbohydrates. This enzymatic activity allows for the degradation of various polysaccharides, such as galactans and galactomannans, into smaller oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. The released galactose units can then be utilized by the organism as an energy source or for other metabolic processes.

Applications

Endo-beta-galactosidase has several important applications in various industries. One of its main uses is in the food industry, where it is employed for the production of lactose-free dairy products. By hydrolyzing lactose into its constituent glucose and galactose, endo-beta-galactosidase enables individuals with lactose intolerance to consume dairy products without experiencing digestive discomfort.

Furthermore, this enzyme is also utilized in the production of prebiotics, which are non-digestible carbohydrates that promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. Endo-beta-galactosidase can selectively hydrolyze specific glycosidic linkages in complex carbohydrates, generating prebiotic oligosaccharides that serve as a food source for probiotic bacteria.

See also

• Glycoside hydrolase
• Polysaccharide degradation
• Lactose intolerance
• Prebiotics
• Probiotics