Endocervix

Endocervix is the inner part of the cervix, the lower, narrow end of the uterus that opens into the vagina. It is also known as the cervical canal. The endocervix is lined with glandular cells that produce mucus, which changes in consistency during the menstrual cycle to either prevent or promote pregnancy.

Anatomy

The endocervix is the innermost part of the cervix and is continuous with the uterine cavity. It is covered by a single layer of columnar epithelium, which is responsible for the production of mucus. This mucus acts as a barrier to infection, and its properties change during the menstrual cycle under the influence of hormones.

Function

The primary function of the endocervix is to produce mucus that protects the uterus from infection and aids in sperm transport during ovulation. The consistency of the mucus changes throughout the menstrual cycle, becoming thinner and more receptive to sperm around the time of ovulation.

Clinical significance

The endocervix is the site of several medical conditions, including cervicitis, cervical polyps, and cervical cancer. It is also the area where Pap smear tests are taken to screen for cervical cancer.

See also

• Ectocervix
• Cervix
• Cervical cancer
• Pap smear

References

Endocervix Resources
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