Gynecology

Gynecology is a branch of medicine that specializes in the health and diseases of the female reproductive system. This includes the vagina, uterus, ovaries, and breasts. The field of gynecology often overlaps with obstetrics, which specifically deals with pregnancy and childbirth.

History

The term "gynecology" comes from the Greek words "gyne" meaning "woman" and "logia" meaning "study." The field has a long history, with evidence of gynecological treatment dating back to ancient Egypt. However, it was not until the 19th century that gynecology became a recognized medical specialty.

Scope

Gynecologists are trained to diagnose and treat a wide range of conditions, including menstrual disorders, infertility, birth control, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and gynecologic cancers. They also perform surgical procedures, such as hysterectomy and laparoscopy.

Examination

A typical gynecological examination includes a pelvic exam, pap smear, and breast exam. These exams are important for early detection of diseases such as cervical cancer and breast cancer.

Training and Education

To become a gynecologist, one must complete a four-year medical school program followed by a four-year residency in obstetrics and gynecology. Some gynecologists choose to specialize further by completing a fellowship in areas such as reproductive endocrinology and infertility, maternal-fetal medicine, or gynecologic oncology.

See Also

• Obstetrics
• Women's Health
• Reproductive Medicine

References

Gynecology Resources
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