Computed axial tomography

Computed Axial Tomography (also known as CAT or CT scan) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that uses a combination of X-rays and computer technology to produce cross-sectional images (often called slices), both horizontally and vertically, of the body. A CT scan shows detailed images of any part of the body, including the bones, muscles, fat, and organs. CT scans are more detailed than standard X-rays.

Procedure

In a CT scan, the patient lies on a table and is slowly moved into the large doughnut-shaped CT scanner machine. An X-ray tube slowly rotates around the patient, taking many pictures from all angles that are then processed by the computer. A CT scan can be performed on any section of the head or body. It can provide clear pictures of tissues, organs, bones and blood vessels.

Uses

CT scans are used to study areas of the body and certain diseases that may not be easily examined in other ways. They are also used to:

• Diagnose muscle and bone disorders, such as bone tumors and fractures.
• Pinpoint the location of a tumor, infection or blood clot.
• Guide procedures such as surgery, biopsy and radiation therapy.
• Detect and monitor diseases and conditions such as cancer, heart disease, lung nodules and liver masses.
• Detect internal injuries and internal bleeding.

Risks

While CT scans do create low levels of radiation exposure, the risk of causing any problems or complications is extremely small. However, pregnant women should avoid CT scans as the radiation can harm the unborn child.

See Also

• Radiology
• Medical Imaging
• X-ray
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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