Gynecologic ultrasonography

Gynecologic ultrasonography or gynecologic sonography refers to the application of medical ultrasonography to the female pelvic organs, specifically the uterus, the ovaries, the Fallopian tubes, as well as the bladder, the adnexa, and the Pouch of Douglas. The procedure may lead to other medically relevant findings in the pelvis.

Indications

Gynecologic ultrasonography is used frequently in the diagnosis of many conditions. It can be used to investigate uterine problems such as menorrhagia, amenorrhea, abnormal vaginal bleeding and pain. It can also be used to identify ovarian cysts or masses, including ovarian cancer, ectopic pregnancy, and pelvic inflammatory disease.

Procedure

The procedure involves the use of a probe, which is inserted into the vagina after a protective cover is placed over it. The probe is moved within the vaginal cavity to scan the pelvic structures, while the patient lies on her back in a position similar to that used for a gynecologic exam.

Types

There are two main types of gynecologic ultrasonography: transvaginal and transabdominal. Transvaginal ultrasonography involves the insertion of a probe into the vagina, while transabdominal ultrasonography involves the application of a probe on the abdomen.

Risks

While gynecologic ultrasonography is generally considered safe, potential risks include discomfort during the transvaginal ultrasound and the possibility of an allergic reaction to the gel used during the transabdominal ultrasound.

See also

• Obstetric ultrasonography
• Pelvic ultrasound
• Medical ultrasonography

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  Hydrosalpinx (left)
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  Transvaginal ultrasonography device
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  Mirena in optimal place - schematic
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  Normal hysterosonography
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  Sonohysterography