Pelvic ultrasound

Pelvic ultrasound
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A pelvic ultrasound is a non-invasive diagnostic medical imaging technique used to visualize the structures and organs within the pelvis. It employs sound waves to create images, which helps in diagnosing various conditions related to the reproductive system, urinary system, and surrounding pelvic anatomy.

Types

Pelvic ultrasounds can be performed in different ways, primarily:

• Transabdominal ultrasound: In this method, the ultrasound probe is moved over the abdominal area to visualize the pelvic organs.
• Transvaginal ultrasound: This involves inserting a specially designed probe into the vagina for a closer view of the female pelvic organs. This method is particularly useful for evaluating gynecological conditions and early pregnancy.
• Transrectal ultrasound: Used primarily to examine male pelvic organs, such as the prostate gland, this method involves inserting a probe into the rectum.

Indications

Pelvic ultrasound is indicated for various clinical scenarios, including but not limited to:

• Evaluation of pelvic pain
• Assessment of abnormal bleeding
• Diagnosis of ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids, and other pelvic masses
• Monitoring of pregnancy
• Investigation of infertility
• Detection of prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia in men

Procedure

During a pelvic ultrasound, the patient is typically asked to lie down on an examination table. The type of ultrasound dictates the specific preparation and procedure:

• For a transabdominal ultrasound, a conductive gel is applied to the abdomen, and a handheld probe is used to scan the area.
• For transvaginal and transrectal ultrasounds, a protective cover is placed over the probe, which is then gently inserted into the vagina or rectum.

Safety and Risks

Pelvic ultrasound is considered a safe procedure as it uses sound waves rather than ionizing radiation. The risks associated with this procedure are minimal but may include discomfort during transvaginal or transrectal examinations.

Interpretation of Results

The images obtained from a pelvic ultrasound are interpreted by a radiologist or a specially trained healthcare provider. The results can provide valuable information about the size, shape, and position of pelvic organs, and can help in diagnosing abnormalities.

See Also

• Ultrasound
• Radiology
• Gynecology
• Urology