Operation of computed tomography

Operation of Computed Tomography (also known as CT or CAT scan) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that uses a combination of X-rays and computer technology to produce cross-sectional images (often called slices), both horizontally and vertically, of the body. A CT scan shows detailed images of any part of the body, including the bones, muscles, fat, and organs. CT scans are more detailed than standard X-rays.

History

The development of Computed Tomography was made possible by the invention of the computer and advancements in digital technology, which allowed for the production of detailed, three-dimensional images. The first commercially viable CT scanner was invented by Sir Godfrey Hounsfield in Hayes, United Kingdom at the British company EMI in 1971.

Procedure

The CT scanner is a large, square machine with a hole in the center, similar to a doughnut. The patient lies on a narrow examination table that slides into and out of this tunnel. Rotating around the patient, the scanner directs an X-ray beam at specific angles to create a slice of the patient's body. These slices are then assembled by the computer to produce a detailed image of the internal structures.

Applications

CT scans are used in various medical disciplines, including radiology, oncology, and trauma surgery. They can be used to diagnose and monitor a variety of health conditions, such as tumors, infections, and fractures. CT scans can also guide certain procedures such as surgery, biopsy, and radiation therapy.

Risks and Safety

While CT scans are generally safe, they do expose the patient to more radiation than regular X-rays. However, the risk of developing cancer from this exposure is very small. To minimize the risk, it is important to use the lowest dose of radiation that produces a clear image. Pregnant women should avoid CT scans unless absolutely necessary.

Future Developments

Advancements in technology continue to improve the resolution of CT images, making the scans more accurate and detailed. Future developments may include faster scanning times, lower radiation doses, and the ability to visualize more types of tissue.