Sexually transmitted disease

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), also referred to as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or venereal diseases (VD), are infections that are commonly spread by sexual activity, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex and oral sex. STDs can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites.

Types of STDs

There are more than 20 types of STDs, including but not limited to:

• Chlamydia: A bacterial infection that affects both men and women. It can cause serious, permanent damage to a woman's reproductive system.
• Gonorrhea: A bacterial infection that can affect the genitals, rectum, and throat.
• Syphilis: A bacterial infection that can cause long-term complications if not treated correctly.
• Herpes: A viral infection that often results in sores or blisters on the genitals, anus or mouth.
• Human papillomavirus (HPV): A viral infection that can result in genital warts and certain types of cancer.
• HIV/AIDS: A viral infection that interferes with the body's ability to fight off organisms that cause disease.

Transmission

STDs are transmitted through sexual activity with someone who has the infection. This includes vaginal, anal, and oral sex. Some STDs, like HIV, can also be transmitted through sharing drug needles with someone who is infected, or from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding.

Prevention

Prevention methods include practicing safe sex (using condoms), getting vaccinated, regular testing, and not sharing needles.

Treatment

Treatment varies depending on the type of STD. Bacterial STDs can usually be cured with antibiotics. Viral STDs can often be managed with medication, but not always cured.

See also

• Safe sex
• Contraception
• Sex education