Disease

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
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Scanning electron micrograph of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacterium that causes tuberculosis

A disease is a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of part or all of an organism, and that is not due to any external injury.

Types[edit | edit source]

One of the most common types of diseases is infectious disease, which is caused by the presence of pathogens (such as viruses, bacteria, or parasites) in the body. These pathogens can be transmitted from person to person, through contact with contaminated objects, or through the air. Some examples of infectious diseases include the flu, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS.

Non-infectious diseases are caused by factors other than pathogens, and can be divided into several categories. Chronic diseases, such as diabetes and heart disease, are long-term conditions that often require ongoing medical treatment. Genetic diseases, such as sickle cell anemia and cystic fibrosis, are caused by inherited genetic mutations and cannot be prevented. Environmental factors, such as exposure to toxic substances or radiation, can also cause non-infectious diseases.

Prevention[edit | edit source]

There are many ways to prevent or manage diseases. Immunization, or vaccination, is a common method of preventing infectious diseases by building up immunity to specific pathogens. Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands frequently and covering the mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing, can also help prevent the spread of disease. A healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding risky behaviors like smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, can help prevent or manage chronic diseases.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment options for diseases vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. Medical treatments, such as medications or surgery, can help manage or cure diseases. Some diseases, such as mental illnesses, may also be treated with therapy or counseling. In some cases, alternative therapies, such as acupuncture or herbal remedies, may be used to complement traditional medical treatment.

List of medical conditions[edit | edit source]

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