Tarlov cyst

Tarlov cysts, also known as perineural cysts, are a type of spinal disease that primarily affect the sacral region of the spinal cord. They are named after the American neurosurgeon Isadore M. Tarlov, who first described them in 1938.

Overview

Tarlov cysts are fluid-filled sacs that most commonly occur in the sacral region, at the base of the spine. They are a type of meningeal cyst, which are cysts that form in the meninges, the protective layers of tissue that cover the spinal cord and brain. Tarlov cysts are unique in that they are filled with cerebrospinal fluid and have a distinct layer of nerve fibers within their walls.

Symptoms

While many individuals with Tarlov cysts do not experience symptoms, some may experience pain, weakness, or other neurological problems. Symptoms can vary widely depending on the size and location of the cysts, and may include lower back pain, sciatica, urinary incontinence, constipation, sexual dysfunction, and loss of sensation or movement in the lower limbs.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Tarlov cysts is typically made through imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans. These tests can help to visualize the cysts and determine their size and location.

Treatment

Treatment for Tarlov cysts can vary depending on the severity of symptoms. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary. In others, treatment options may include pain management, physical therapy, or surgical intervention. Surgery may involve draining the cysts or removing them entirely.

See also

• Spinal disease
• Meningeal cyst
• Isadore M. Tarlov

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