Bladder sphincter dyssynergia

Bladder sphincter dyssynergia (BSD) is a neurological disorder that affects the urinary bladder and the urethral sphincter. It is characterized by a lack of coordination between these two organs, resulting in difficulty or inability to empty the bladder completely.

Etiology

Bladder sphincter dyssynergia is often associated with various neurological conditions such as spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and stroke. It can also occur as a result of damage to the nerves controlling the bladder and sphincter during surgery.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of bladder sphincter dyssynergia is difficulty in emptying the bladder completely. This can lead to frequent urinary tract infections, urinary incontinence, and kidney damage. Other symptoms may include discomfort or pain during urination, a slow urine stream, and frequent urination.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of bladder sphincter dyssynergia is typically made through a combination of patient history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. These tests may include urodynamic testing, which measures the pressure and volume of urine in the bladder, and electromyography, which measures the electrical activity of the muscles in the bladder and sphincter.

Treatment

Treatment for bladder sphincter dyssynergia typically involves managing the symptoms and preventing complications. This may include medications to relax the bladder and sphincter muscles, catheterization to empty the bladder, and in some cases, surgery to improve bladder emptying.

See also

• Neurogenic bladder
• Urinary incontinence
• Urology