Blood-borne disease

A blood-borne disease is a disease that can be spread through contamination by blood and other body fluids. Blood-borne pathogens are microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria that are carried in blood and can cause disease in people. The most common examples of blood-borne pathogens include Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV.

Transmission

Blood-borne diseases are primarily transmitted through activities that involve exposure to blood or body fluids. These activities include:

• Sharing of needles or other equipment to inject drugs.
• Accidental needle sticks or other sharps injuries in healthcare settings.
• Blood transfusions with contaminated blood.
• Sexual contact with an infected person.
• From mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding.

A kit used for injecting drugs, which can be a source of blood-borne disease transmission.

Prevention

Preventing blood-borne diseases involves several strategies:

• Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and masks in healthcare settings.
• Safe handling and disposal of needles and other sharps.
• Screening of blood donations for blood-borne pathogens.
• Vaccination against certain blood-borne diseases, such as Hepatitis B.

HPV-vaccine

Common Blood-borne Diseases

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). It is transmitted through contact with infectious body fluids, such as blood, semen, and vaginal secretions. Vaccination is available and effective in preventing Hepatitis B.

Hepatitis C

Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by the Hepatitis C virus (HCV). It is primarily spread through blood-to-blood contact. Unlike Hepatitis B, there is no vaccine for Hepatitis C, but antiviral medications can cure most cases.

HIV/AIDS

HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. It is transmitted through blood, sexual contact, and from mother to child. There is no vaccine for HIV, but antiretroviral therapy can manage the infection and prevent progression to AIDS.

Impact on Society

Blood-borne diseases have a significant impact on public health and healthcare systems. They can lead to chronic health conditions, increased healthcare costs, and social stigma. Efforts to control and prevent these diseases are crucial for public health.

Related pages

• Infectious disease
• Viral hepatitis
• HIV/AIDS
• Public health