Corneal dystrophy

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Corneal dystrophy
Gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy 1.JPEG
Synonyms N/A
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Vision impairment, corneal opacity, corneal erosion
Complications Vision loss, corneal scarring
Onset Varies by type, often in childhood or adulthood
Duration Chronic
Types Epithelial, Stromal, Endothelial
Causes Genetic disorder
Risks Family history
Diagnosis Slit-lamp examination, genetic testing
Differential diagnosis Keratoconus, Fuchs' dystrophy
Prevention N/A
Treatment Corneal transplantation, phototherapeutic keratectomy, contact lenses
Medication Lubricating eye drops, hypertonic saline
Prognosis N/A
Frequency Varies by type, some are rare
Deaths Rarely life-threatening


Corneal dystrophy is a group of rare hereditary disorders characterized by bilateral abnormal deposition of substances in the transparent front part of the eye, the cornea.

Types[edit | edit source]

There are over 20 types of corneal dystrophy, which are usually classified according to their anatomical location and include:

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

The symptoms of corneal dystrophy can vary depending on the specific type and stage of the condition. Some people may not experience any symptoms, while others may have significant vision impairment. Symptoms can include:

Causes[edit | edit source]

Corneal dystrophies are usually caused by abnormal genetic material inherited from parents. The genetic defect causes the cells in the cornea to produce abnormal proteins, which can accumulate and cause the cornea to become cloudy or irregular.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

The diagnosis of corneal dystrophy can be made by an ophthalmologist using a variety of tests, including:

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for corneal dystrophy depends on the type and severity of the condition. Options can include:

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD