Eye diseases

The human eye is an organ that allows the gift of vision through it's interaction with the light. Rod and cone cells in the retina allow conscious light perception and vision including color differentiation and the perception of depth. The human eye can differentiate between about 10 million colors and is possibly capable of detecting a single photon. The eye is part of the sensory nervous system.

Any condition, disease or disorder of the any of the structures related to the eye come under the branch of medicine called Ophthalmology.

This is a partial list of human eye diseases and disorders.

The World Health Organization publishes a classification of known diseases and injuries, the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, or ICD-10. This list uses that classification.

H00-H06 Disorders of eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit[edit | edit source]

(H02.1) Ectropion
(H02.2) Lagophthalmos
(H02.3) Blepharochalasis
(H02.4) Ptosis
(H02.6) Xanthelasma of eyelid
(H03.0*) Parasitic infestation of eyelid in diseases classified elsewhere
- Dermatitis of eyelid due to Demodex species ( B88.0+ )
- Parasitic infestation of eyelid in:
  - leishmaniasis ( B55.-+ )
  - loiasis ( B74.3+ )
  - onchocerciasis ( B73+ )
  - phthiriasis ( B85.3+ )
(H03.1*) Involvement of eyelid in other infectious diseases classified elsewhere
- Involvement of eyelid in:
  - herpesviral (herpes simplex) infection ( B00.5+ )
  - leprosy ( A30.-+ )
  - molluscum contagiosum ( B08.1+ )
  - tuberculosis ( A18.4+ )
  - yaws ( A66.-+ )
  - zoster ( B02.3+ )
(H03.8*) Involvement of eyelid in other diseases classified elsewhere
- Involvement of eyelid in impetigo ( L01.0+ )
(H04.0) Dacryoadenitis
(H04.2) Epiphora
(H06.2*) Dysthyroid exophthalmos it is shown that if your eye comes out that it will shrink because the optic fluids drain out

H10-H13 Disorders of Conjuctiva[edit | edit source]

(H10.0) Conjunctivitis - inflammation of the conjunctiva commonly due to an infection or an allergic reaction

H15-H22 Disorders of sclera, cornea, iris and ciliary body[edit | edit source]

(H15.0) Scleritis — a painful inflammation of the sclera
(H16) Keratitis — inflammation of the cornea
(H16.0) Corneal ulcer / Corneal abrasion — loss of the surface epithelial layer of the eye's cornea
(H16.1) Snow blindness / Arc eye — a painful condition caused by exposure of unprotected eyes to bright light
(H16.1) Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy
(H16.4) Corneal neovascularization
(H18.5) Fuchs' dystrophy — cloudy morning vision
(H18.6) Keratoconus — degenerative disease: the cornea thins and changes shape to be more like a cone than a parabole
(H19.3) Keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eyes
(H20.0) Iritis — inflammation of the iris
(H20.0, H44.1) Uveitis — inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye; Sympathetic ophthalmia is a subset.

H25-H28 Disorders of lens[edit | edit source]

(H25-H26) Cataract — the lens becomes opaque

H30-H36 Disorders of choroid and retina[edit | edit source]

H30 Chorioretinal inflammation[edit | edit source]

(H30) Chorioretinal inflammation

(H30.0) Focal chorioretinal inflammation
- Focal:
(H30.1) Disseminated chorioretinal inflammation
- Disseminated:
  - chorioretinitis
  - choroiditis
  - retinitis
  - retinochoroiditis

Excludes: exudative retinopathy (H35.0)

(H30.2) Posterior cyclitis
- Pars planitis
(H30.8) Other chorioretinal inflammations
- Harada's disease
(H30.9) Chorioretinal inflammation, unspecified
- Chorioretinitis
- Choroiditis
- Retinitis
- Retinochoroiditis^[1]

H31 Other disorders of choroid[edit | edit source]

(H31) Other disorders of choroid

(H31.0) Chorioretinal scars
- Macula scars of posterior pole (postinflammatory) (post-traumatic)
- Solar retinopathy
(H31.1) Choroidal degeneration
- Atrophy
- Sclerosis
  - Excludes: angioid streaks (H35.3)
(H31.2) Hereditary choroidal dystrophy
- Choroideremia
- Dystrophy, choroidal (central areolar) (generalized) (peripapillary)
- Gyrate atrophy, choroid
  - Excludes: ornithinaemia ( E72.4 )
(H31.3) Choroidal haemorrhage and rupture
- Choroidal haemorrhage:
  - NOS (Not Otherwise Specified)
  - expulsive
(H31.4) Choroidal detachment
(H31.8) Other specified disordes of choroid
(H31.9) Disorder of choroid, unspecified ^[1]

H32 Chorioretinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere[edit | edit source]

(H32) Chorioretinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere

(H32.0) Chorioretinal inflammation in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere
- Chorioretinitis:
  - syphilitic, late ( A52.7+ )
  - toxoplasma ( B58.0+ )
  - tuberculous ( A18.5+ )
(H32.8) Other chorioretinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere ^[1]

H33 Retinal detachments and breaks[edit | edit source]

(H33) Retinal detachment — the retina detaches from the choroid, leading to blurred and distorted vision
(H33.1) Retinoschisis — the retina separates into several layers and may detach

H34 Retinal vascular occlusions[edit | edit source]

H35 Other retinal disorders[edit | edit source]

(H35.0) Hypertensive retinopathy — burst blood vessels, due to long-term high blood pressure
- (H35.0/E10-E14) Diabetic retinopathy — damage to the retina caused by complications of diabetes mellitus, which could eventually lead to blindness
(H35.0-H35.2) Retinopathy — general term referring to non-inflammatory damage to the retina
(H35.1) Retinopathy of prematurity — scarring and retinal detachment in premature babies
(H35.3) Age-related macular degeneration — the photosensitive cells in the macula malfunction and over time cease to work
(H35.3) Macular degeneration — loss of central vision, due to macular degeneration
- Bull's Eye Maculopathy

(H35.3) Epiretinal membrane — a transparent layer forms and tightens over the retina
(H35.4) Peripheral retinal degeneration
(H35.5) Hereditary retinal dystrophy
(H35.5) Retinitis pigmentosa — genetic disorder; tunnel vision preceded by night-blindness
(H35.6) Retinal haemorrhage
(H35.7) Separation of retinal layers
- Central serous retinopathy
- Retinal detachment: Detachment of retinal pigment epithelium
(H35.8) Other specified retinal disorders
(H35.81) Macular edema — distorted central vision, due to a swollen macula
(H35.9) Retinal disorder, unspecified ^[1]

H36 Retinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere[edit | edit source]

(H36.0)

H40-H42 Glaucoma[edit | edit source]

(H40-H42) Glaucoma — optic neuropathy
- (H40.0) Glaucoma suspect — ocular hypertension
- (H40.1) Primary open-angle glaucoma
- (H40.2) Primary angle-closure glaucoma

H43-H45 Disorders of vitreous body and globe[edit | edit source]

(H43.9) Floaters — shadow-like shapes which appear singly or together with several others in the field of vision

H46-H48 Disorders of optic nerve and visual pathways[edit | edit source]

(H47.2) Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy — genetic disorder; loss of central vision
(H47.3) Optic disc drusen — globules progressively calcify in the optic disc, compressing the vasculature and optic nerve fibers

H49-H52 Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction[edit | edit source]

(H49-H50) Strabismus (Crossed eye/Wandering eye/Walleye) — the eyes do not point in the same direction
- (H49.3-4) Ophthalmoparesis — the partial or total paralysis of the eye muscles
- (H49.4) Progressive external ophthaloplegia — weakness of the external eye muscles
- (H50.0, H50.3) Esotropia — the tendency for eyes to become cross-eyed
- (H50.1, H50.3) Exotropia — the tendency for eyes to look outward
H52 Disorders of refraction and accommodation
- (H52.0) Hypermetropia (Farsightedness) — the inability to focus on near objects (and in extreme cases, any objects)
- (H52.1) Myopia (Nearsightedness) — distant objects appear blurred
- (H52.2) Astigmatism — the cornea or the lens of the eye is not perfectly spherical, resulting in different focal points in different planes
- (H52.3) Anisometropia — the lenses of the two eyes have different focal lengths
- (H52.4) Presbyopia — a condition that occurs with growing age and results in the inability to focus on close objects
- (H52.5) Disorders of accommodation
  - Internal ophthalmoplegia

H53-H54.9 Visual disturbances and blindness[edit | edit source]

(H53.0) Amblyopia (lazy eye) — poor or blurry vision due to either no transmission or poor transmission of the visual image to the brain
(H53.0) Leber's congenital amaurosis — genetic disorder; appears at birth, characterised by sluggish or no pupillary responses
(H53.1, H53.4) Scotoma (blind spot) — an area impairment of vision surrounded by a field of relatively well-preserved vision. See also Anopsia.
(H53.5) Color blindness — the inability to perceive differences between some or all colors that other people can distinguish
- (H53.5) Achromatopsia / Maskun — a low cone count or lack of function in cone cells
(H53.6) Nyctalopia (Nightblindness) — a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in the dark
(H54) Blindness — the brain does not receive optical information, through various causes
- (H54/B73) River blindness — blindness caused by long-term infection by a parasitic worm (rare in western societies)
- (H54.9) Micropthalmia/coloboma — a disconnection between the optic nerve and the brain and/or spinal cord

H55-H59 Other disorders of eye and adnexa[edit | edit source]

(H57.9) Red eye — conjunctiva appears red typically due to illness or injury
(H58.0) Argyll Robertson pupil — small, unequal, irregularly shaped pupils

Other codes[edit | edit source]

The following are not classified as diseases of the eye and adnexa (H00-H59) by the World Health Organization:^[2]

(B36.1) Keratomycosis — fungal infection of the cornea
(E50.6-E50.7) Xerophthalmia — dry eyes, caused by vitamin A deficiency
(Q13.1) Aniridia — a rare congenital eye condition leading to underdevelopment or even absence of the iris of the eye

Rare eye diseases[edit | edit source]

List of rare eye diseases

Notes[edit | edit source]

Please see the References section below for the complete listing of information.

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 World Health Organization ICD-10 codes: Diseases of the eye and adnexa (H00-H59). [1]. Retrieved 2010-07-28.
↑ International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. 10th Revision. Version for 2007. [2]

References[edit | edit source]

External links[edit | edit source]

NIH - National Eye Institute (NEI) is an authentic source of information on diseases of the eye.

A[edit | edit source]

B[edit | edit source]

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M[edit | edit source]

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Pink Eye

R[edit | edit source]

({DEFAULTSORT:Eye Disease}} Portions of content adapted from Wikipedia's article on Eye diseases which is released under the CC BY-SA 3.0.

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[H30-H36-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 World Health Organization ICD-10 codes: Diseases of the eye and adnexa (H00-H59). [1]. Retrieved 2010-07-28.

[main-2] International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. 10th Revision. Version for 2007. [2]

[1]

[2]