Stellwag's sign

Stellwag's sign is a medical condition characterized by infrequent and incomplete blinking. It is named after the Austrian ophthalmologist, Carl Stellwag von Carion (1823–1904), who first described the condition. This sign is often associated with thyroid eye disease (TED), also known as Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of Stellwag's sign is a reduced rate of blinking. This can lead to dryness and discomfort in the eyes. In severe cases, it can cause damage to the cornea, the clear front surface of the eye.

Causes

Stellwag's sign is most commonly associated with thyroid eye disease. This is a condition in which the immune system attacks the muscles and other tissues around the eyes. It is most common in people with Graves' disease, a type of hyperthyroidism.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Stellwag's sign is typically made through a clinical examination. The doctor may observe the patient's blinking rate and ask about any symptoms of eye discomfort. Further tests may be needed to diagnose the underlying cause of the condition.

Treatment

Treatment for Stellwag's sign focuses on managing the underlying cause of the condition. This may involve medication to control thyroid hormone levels in cases of thyroid eye disease. Artificial tears or other treatments may be used to manage symptoms of dryness and discomfort in the eyes.

See also

• Thyroid eye disease
• Graves' disease
• Hyperthyroidism

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