Sodoku

Sodoku
Synonyms	Rat-bite fever
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Fever, rash, arthritis
Complications	Endocarditis, meningitis
Onset	3–10 days after exposure
Duration	Variable
Types	N/A
Causes	Streptobacillus moniliformis or Spirillum minus
Risks	Rat bites or exposure to rodents
Diagnosis	Blood culture, serology
Differential diagnosis	Leptospirosis, syphilis, Lyme disease
Prevention	Avoiding contact with rodents
Treatment	Antibiotics such as penicillin or doxycycline
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Good with treatment
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Sodoku is a bacterial zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Spirillum minus or Streptobacillus moniliformis. It is primarily transmitted through the bite of an infected rat, although other rodents can also be carriers. The disease is also known as rat-bite fever, spirillary rat-bite fever, or Haverhill fever.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Sodoku typically appear within 7 to 21 days after exposure to the bacteria. These symptoms may include:

• Fever
• Chills
• Headache
• Muscle and joint pain
• Rash
• Swelling at the site of the bite

In severe cases, complications such as endocarditis, meningitis, and pneumonia can occur.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Sodoku is typically made based on the patient's symptoms and history of exposure to rats or other rodents. Laboratory tests can also be used to confirm the diagnosis, including blood cultures and serologic tests.

Treatment

Treatment for Sodoku typically involves antibiotics to kill the bacteria. Penicillin is the most commonly used antibiotic, although other antibiotics may be used in patients who are allergic to penicillin. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.

Prevention

Prevention of Sodoku primarily involves avoiding contact with rats and other rodents, particularly in areas where the disease is known to occur. This can include using rodent-proof containers for food and garbage, sealing holes and gaps in homes and buildings, and using traps or poisons to control rodent populations.

See also

• Zoonosis
• Rat-bite fever
• Haverhill fever