Eosinophilic esophagitis

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, immune system disease that affects the esophagus, the muscular tube that delivers food from the mouth to the stomach. It is characterized by a large number of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, in the esophagus.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms of eosinophilic esophagitis include difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), food impaction, and persistent heartburn. Children may also experience abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and failure to thrive.

Causes

Eosinophilic esophagitis is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is often associated with other allergic conditions, such as asthma, eczema, and food allergies.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis involves a combination of patient history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. The gold standard for diagnosis is an endoscopy with biopsy, which allows for the direct visualization of the esophagus and the collection of tissue samples for microscopic examination.

Treatment

Treatment for eosinophilic esophagitis typically involves dietary modifications, medication, and in some cases, dilation of the esophagus. The goal of treatment is to reduce eosinophil levels in the esophagus, alleviate symptoms, and prevent long-term complications.

Prognosis

With appropriate treatment, most individuals with eosinophilic esophagitis can lead normal lives. However, the condition is chronic and requires ongoing management to prevent recurrence of symptoms and complications.

See also

• Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Food allergy