Knee arthritis

Knee Arthritis is a common condition that affects the joints of the knee, leading to pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility. It is characterized by the degeneration of the cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones in the knee joint. There are several types of knee arthritis, with Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid arthritis being the most prevalent.

Causes

Knee arthritis can be caused by a variety of factors. Osteoarthritis is often related to aging and the wear and tear of the cartilage. Rheumatoid arthritis, on the other hand, is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system attacks the joint lining. Other factors that can contribute to the development of knee arthritis include genetics, obesity, previous knee injuries, and overuse.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of knee arthritis include:

• Pain that increases with activity
• Swelling and stiffness in the knee joint
• Decreased range of motion
• A feeling of warmth in the joint
• Creaking or crackling sounds during movement

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of knee arthritis typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests. X-rays can show changes in the bone and narrowing of the joint space. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scans can provide detailed images of both bone and soft tissues, including the cartilage.

Treatment

While there is no cure for knee arthritis, there are several treatments available to help manage symptoms. These include:

• Pain medication and anti-inflammatory drugs
• Physical therapy and exercises to strengthen the muscles around the knee
• Weight loss to reduce stress on the joint
• Use of assistive devices like canes or knee braces
• Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation
• Hyaluronic acid injections to lubricate the joint
• In severe cases, knee replacement surgery may be recommended

Prevention

Preventive measures for knee arthritis focus on minimizing stress on the knees and maintaining a healthy weight. Regular exercise, especially activities that strengthen the leg muscles without putting too much stress on the knees, can be beneficial. Avoiding activities that strain the knee, wearing supportive footwear, and maintaining a healthy diet can also help prevent the development of knee arthritis.