Keshan disease
Keshan disease is disease caused by selenium deficiency in combination with a second stress (possibly a viral infection).
Role of selenium[edit | edit source]
- Selenium an element that the body needs to function properly.
- The patients are alsoSelenium is an important component of selenoproteins, such as selenoprotein P, deiodinase, and GPx enzymes
Epidemiology[edit | edit source]
Keshan disease (KD) is an endemic cardiomyopathy first reported in Keshan County in China in 1935.
Chinese supplementation[edit | edit source]
Before the Chinese government selenium supplementation program in the 1970's, adults in the Keshan disease areas had average selenium intakes of no more than 11 mcg/day; intakes of at least 20 mcg/day protect adults from Keshan disease.
Signs and symptoms[edit | edit source]
The clinical manifestations of KD are acute or chronic episodes of heart disease characterized by the following signs and symptoms:
- cardiogenic shock,
- ppcongestive heart failure[[,
- arrhythmia,
- cardiomegaly
Types[edit | edit source]
Based on the presentation and onset of symptoms, the following four types are described:
- acute KD,
- subacute KD,
- chronic KD, and
- latent KD.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis is based on a combination of blood tests including selenium levels, EKG, echocardiography etc.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
The treatment for Keshan disease is supportive care for the heart failure, and low dose selenium supplementation.
Sources of selenium[edit | edit source]
- Brazil nuts, seafoods, and organ meats are the richest food sources of selenium
- Other sources include muscle meats, cereals and other grains, and dairy products
- The amount of selenium in drinking water is not nutritionally significant in most geographic regions
- The major food sources of selenium in the American diet are breads, grains, meat, poultry, fish, and eggs.
Dose[edit | edit source]
The recommended amounts are
- 55 micrograms of selenium per day for adult men and women,
- 60 micrograms a day for women during pregnancy and
- 70 micrograms per day for women after pregnancy
Dietary supplementation[edit | edit source]
- Selenium is available in multivitamin/multimineral supplements and as a stand-alone supplement, often in the forms of selenomethionine or of selenium-enriched yeast (grown in a high-selenium medium) or as sodium selenite or sodium selenate.
- The human body absorbs more than 90% of selenomethionine but only about 50% of selenium from selenite
Other diseases[edit | edit source]
- Selenium deficiency is also associated with male infertility and might play a role in Kashin-Beck disease, a type of osteoarthritis that occurs in certain low-selenium areas of China, Tibet, and Siberia.
- Selenium deficiency could exacerbate iodine deficiency, potentially increasing the risk of cretinism in infant
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