Mitral insufficiency
| Mitral Insufficiency | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Mitral Regurgitation |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Shortness of breath, fatigue, palpitations |
| Complications | Heart failure, atrial fibrillation |
| Onset | Gradual |
| Duration | Long-term |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Mitral valve prolapse, rheumatic heart disease, endocarditis |
| Risks | Age, connective tissue disorders |
| Diagnosis | Echocardiogram, chest X-ray, ECG |
| Differential diagnosis | N/A |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Medications, surgery |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Mitral insufficiency, also known as mitral regurgitation, is a disorder of the heart valves in which the mitral valve does not close properly when the heart pumps out blood. This allows blood to flow backward into the left atrium from the left ventricle, leading to various symptoms and complications.
Signs and Symptoms[edit | edit source]
Patients with mitral insufficiency may experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, especially during exertion or when lying flat, fatigue, and palpitations. In severe cases, it can lead to heart failure and atrial fibrillation.
Causes[edit | edit source]
Mitral insufficiency can be caused by several conditions, including mitral valve prolapse, rheumatic heart disease, and infective endocarditis. Other causes include ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy.
Risk Factors[edit | edit source]
Risk factors for developing mitral insufficiency include age, connective tissue disorders such as Marfan syndrome, and a history of rheumatic fever.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
The diagnosis of mitral insufficiency is typically made using an echocardiogram, which can visualize the mitral valve and assess the severity of the regurgitation. Additional tests may include a chest X-ray and an electrocardiogram (ECG).
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment options for mitral insufficiency depend on the severity of the condition. Mild cases may be managed with medications such as diuretics and beta-blockers. Severe cases may require surgical intervention, such as mitral valve repair or mitral valve replacement.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis for individuals with mitral insufficiency varies depending on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. With appropriate treatment, many patients can lead normal lives, although some may experience complications such as heart failure or atrial fibrillation.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
Cardiovascular disease A-Z
Most common cardiac diseases
- Cardiac arrhythmia
- Cardiogenetic disorders
- Cardiomegaly
- Cardiomyopathy
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- Chronic rheumatic heart diseases
- Congenital heart defects
- Heart neoplasia
- Ischemic heart diseases
- Pericardial disorders
- Syndromes affecting the heart
- Valvular heart disease
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
A[edit source]
- Accelerated idioventricular rhythm
- Acute decompensated heart failure
- Arteriosclerotic heart disease
- Athletic heart syndrome
- Atrial flutter
- Atrioventricular fistula
- Cardiovascular disease in Australia
- Autoimmune heart disease
B[edit source]
C[edit source]
- Ebb Cade
- Cardiac allograft vasculopathy
- Cardiac amyloidosis
- Cardiac asthma
- Cardiac tamponade
- Cardiogenic shock
- Cardiogeriatrics
- Cardiorenal syndrome
- Cardiotoxicity
- Carditis
- Coronary artery aneurysm
- Coronary artery anomaly
- Coronary artery disease
- Spontaneous coronary artery dissection
- Coronary artery ectasia
- Coronary occlusion
- Coronary steal
- Coronary thrombosis
- Coronary vasospasm
- Cœur en sabot
- Coxsackievirus-induced cardiomyopathy
D[edit source]
E[edit source]
H[edit source]
- Heart attack
- Heart failure
- Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
- Heart to Heart (1949 film)
- High-output heart failure
- Hyperdynamic precordium
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
I[edit source]
- Idiopathic giant-cell myocarditis
- Interventricular dyssynchrony
- Intraventricular dyssynchrony
- Isolated atrial amyloidosis
K[edit source]
L[edit source]
M[edit source]
- Mydicar
- Myocardial bridge
- Myocardial disarray
- Myocardial rupture
- Myocardial scarring
- Myocardial stunning
- Myocarditis
N[edit source]
O[edit source]
P[edit source]
- Papillary fibroelastoma
- Pathophysiology of heart failure
- Postpericardiotomy syndrome
- Pulmonary vein stenosis
R[edit source]
S[edit source]
- Saturated fat and cardiovascular disease
- SCAR-Fc
- Shone's syndrome
- Strain pattern
- Subacute bacterial endocarditis
- Sudden cardiac death of athletes
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
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