Tricuspid insufficiency

Tricuspid insufficiency‏‎, also known as tricuspid regurgitation, is a cardiovascular disease where the tricuspid valve of the heart fails to close properly. This results in an abnormal flow of blood from the right ventricle back into the right atrium during systole, the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle.

Etiology

Tricuspid insufficiency can be caused by several factors. Primary tricuspid insufficiency is often due to congenital heart defects, such as Ebstein's anomaly. Secondary tricuspid insufficiency, which is more common, can be caused by conditions that increase pressure in the right ventricle, such as pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular failure, or pulmonary embolism.

Symptoms

Symptoms of tricuspid insufficiency can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They may include fatigue, shortness of breath, edema (swelling) in the legs and ankles, and ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdomen). In severe cases, it can lead to right-sided heart failure.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of tricuspid insufficiency is typically made through echocardiography, which can visualize the tricuspid valve and assess the flow of blood through the heart. Other diagnostic tests may include electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiac MRI, and cardiac catheterization.

Treatment

Treatment for tricuspid insufficiency depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. It may include medications to manage symptoms, such as diuretics to reduce fluid accumulation. In severe cases, surgery may be required to repair or replace the tricuspid valve.

See also

• Heart valve
• Cardiac surgery
• Cardiology