Intraventricular block

Intraventricular block is a cardiac conduction disorder that occurs when the electrical signals in the heart's ventricles are delayed or blocked. This condition can be classified into several types, including bundle branch block, fascicular block, and nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay.

Overview

The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. It does this by contracting and relaxing in a regular rhythm, which is controlled by electrical signals. These signals are generated in the heart's sinoatrial node, then travel through the atria to the atrioventricular node, and finally down the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers to the ventricles. If these signals are delayed or blocked within the ventricles, it can result in an intraventricular block.

Types of Intraventricular Block

Bundle Branch Block

In a bundle branch block, the electrical signals are delayed or blocked in one or both of the bundle branches. This can cause the ventricles to contract at different times, which can affect the heart's ability to pump blood efficiently.

Fascicular Block

A fascicular block occurs when the electrical signals are delayed or blocked in one of the fascicles, which are smaller branches of the bundle branches. This can also affect the timing of the ventricular contractions.

Nonspecific Intraventricular Conduction Delay

A nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay is a condition where the electrical signals are delayed in the ventricles, but the delay does not fit the criteria for a bundle branch block or a fascicular block.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Intraventricular block often does not cause any symptoms. However, in some cases, it can cause dizziness, fainting, or heart failure. It is usually diagnosed through an electrocardiogram, which can show the delayed or blocked electrical signals.

Treatment

Treatment for intraventricular block depends on the cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, no treatment is necessary. In other cases, treatment may involve medications, a pacemaker, or other interventions.