Mitral valve stenosis

Mitral valve stenosis is a cardiovascular disease that affects the heart's mitral valve. This condition is characterized by a narrowing of the valve, which restricts blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle.

Causes[edit | edit source]

Mitral valve stenosis is most commonly caused by rheumatic fever, a complication of streptococcal infections. Other causes can include congenital heart defects, calcification of the mitral valve, and endocarditis, an infection of the inner lining of the heart.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Symptoms of mitral valve stenosis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, heart palpitations, and chest pain. In severe cases, mitral valve stenosis can lead to heart failure.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of mitral valve stenosis typically involves a physical examination, during which a doctor may listen to the heart with a stethoscope to detect abnormal heart sounds. Additional diagnostic tests may include an echocardiogram, cardiac catheterization, or electrocardiogram.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for mitral valve stenosis depends on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, treatment may involve monitoring the condition and managing symptoms. In more severe cases, treatment may involve medication, balloon valvuloplasty, or heart valve surgery.

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

With appropriate treatment, the prognosis for individuals with mitral valve stenosis is generally good. However, untreated or severe cases can lead to serious complications, including heart failure and stroke.