Vitamin B12 deficiency

Vitamin B12 Deficiency

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Chemical structure of Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 deficiency is a medical condition characterized by low levels of Vitamin B12 in the body. This deficiency can lead to a variety of health problems, including anemia, neuropathy, and memory loss.

Causes

Vitamin B12 deficiency can be caused by a variety of factors. These include:

• Pernicious anemia: This autoimmune condition affects the body's ability to absorb Vitamin B12 from food.
• Atrophic gastritis: This condition can affect the stomach lining's ability to absorb Vitamin B12.
• Vegetarianism and veganism: Diets that exclude animal products can lead to Vitamin B12 deficiency, as these foods are the primary sources of this vitamin.

Symptoms

File:Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms.jpg

Common symptoms of Vitamin B12 deficiency

Symptoms of Vitamin B12 deficiency can vary widely, but may include:

• Fatigue
• Weakness
• Constipation
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Numbness and tingling in the hands and feet
• Balance problems
• Depression
• Confusion
• Dementia
• Poor memory

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Vitamin B12 deficiency typically involves blood tests to measure levels of Vitamin B12 in the body. Additional tests may be performed to determine the underlying cause of the deficiency.

Treatment

Treatment for Vitamin B12 deficiency typically involves supplementation with Vitamin B12. This can be administered orally or through injections. In some cases, dietary changes may also be recommended.

Prevention

Prevention of Vitamin B12 deficiency can often be achieved through a balanced diet that includes sufficient amounts of Vitamin B12. For individuals who are unable to absorb Vitamin B12 from food, supplementation may be necessary.

See also

• Vitamin B12
• Pernicious anemia
• Atrophic gastritis
• Vegetarianism
• Veganism