Glomerulonephritis

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Glomerulonephritis
Crescentic glomerulonephritis HE stain.JPEG
Synonyms Glomerular nephritis
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Hematuria, proteinuria, edema, hypertension
Complications Chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease
Onset Sudden or gradual
Duration Variable
Types N/A
Causes Infection, autoimmune disease, vasculitis, diabetes mellitus
Risks Family history, infections, autoimmune disorders
Diagnosis Urinalysis, blood tests, kidney biopsy
Differential diagnosis Nephrotic syndrome, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease
Prevention N/A
Treatment Corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, dialysis, kidney transplant
Medication N/A
Prognosis Variable, depending on cause and treatment
Frequency Varies globally
Deaths N/A


Diagram of the kidney
Filtration barrier of the glomerulus
Crescentic glomerulonephritis with PAS and IF stain

Crescentic glomerulonephritis with Periodic acid-silver methenamine stain

Ultrasonography of chronic renal disease caused by glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis is a type of kidney disease in which the part of your kidneys that helps filter waste and fluids from the blood is damaged. This condition can develop suddenly (acute) or gradually (chronic).

Causes[edit | edit source]

Glomerulonephritis can be caused by infections such as streptococcal infection, viral infections, or diseases such as lupus, Goodpasture's syndrome, and Wegener's disease. It can also be inherited, as in Alport syndrome.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Symptoms of glomerulonephritis can include blood in the urine, foamy urine, and swelling in your face, hands, feet, and abdomen.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of glomerulonephritis can involve a series of tests including urine tests, blood tests, kidney ultrasound, and kidney biopsy.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for glomerulonephritis depends on the cause of the illness. Treatment may include medications to control high blood pressure, reduce proteinuria, and treat kidney failure, and immunosuppressive drugs. In severe cases, dialysis or a kidney transplant may be necessary.

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

The outlook for glomerulonephritis depends on the cause and the individual, but the disease can often be controlled. Prevention is always the best medicine.

See also[edit | edit source]

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD