Endometrial hyperplasia

Endometrial Hyperplasia is a condition characterized by the excessive thickening of the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus. This condition is often caused by an imbalance of the hormones estrogen and progesterone, with an excess of estrogen stimulating the endometrium to grow and thicken.

Causes

Endometrial hyperplasia is most commonly caused by an excess of estrogen without progesterone. This can occur for a variety of reasons, including obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, menopause, and certain medications. In rare cases, it can also be caused by an ovarian tumor that produces estrogen.

Symptoms

The most common symptom of endometrial hyperplasia is abnormal uterine bleeding, which can manifest as heavy or prolonged periods, bleeding between periods, or postmenopausal bleeding. Other symptoms can include pain during sex or pelvic pain.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia typically involves a pelvic exam, ultrasound, and an endometrial biopsy. In some cases, a hysteroscopy may be performed to examine the inside of the uterus.

Treatment

Treatment for endometrial hyperplasia depends on the cause of the condition, the severity of symptoms, and the patient's overall health. Treatment options can include hormonal therapy, such as progesterone, to balance the levels of hormones in the body, or surgery to remove the thickened endometrial tissue.

Prognosis

With proper treatment, the prognosis for endometrial hyperplasia is generally good. However, if left untreated, it can lead to endometrial cancer, so it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms are present.

See Also

• Endometrial cancer
• Menopause
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Uterine bleeding

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