Mild androgen insensitivity syndrome
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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| Mild androgen insensitivity syndrome | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | MAIS |
| Pronounce | |
| Specialty | Endocrinology, Genetics |
| Symptoms | Gynecomastia, infertility, reduced body hair |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | Puberty |
| Duration | Lifelong |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Genetic mutation in the androgen receptor gene |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Genetic testing, hormone level testing |
| Differential diagnosis | Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome, complete androgen insensitivity syndrome, 5-alpha-reductase deficiency |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Hormone replacement therapy, surgical intervention |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | |
Mild Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (MAIS) is a condition that affects the development of the male reproductive system. This condition is a form of Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS), which is a disorder of sex development. MAIS is caused by mutations in the Androgen Receptor (AR) gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that allows cells to respond to androgens, which are hormones that play a key role in male sexual development. Mutations in the AR gene disrupt the normal activity of the androgen receptor, which interferes with the body's response to androgens and can lead to the signs and symptoms of MAIS.
Signs and Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The signs and symptoms of MAIS can vary widely. Some affected individuals have only mild symptoms, while others may have more severe features. Common signs and symptoms include:
- Gynecomastia (enlarged breast tissue in males)
- Infertility
- Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testicles)
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of MAIS typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests. Genetic testing can confirm a diagnosis by identifying a mutation in the AR gene.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for MAIS is typically focused on managing the symptoms. This can include hormone therapy, surgery to reduce breast size, and fertility treatments.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
